ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is being educated about type 2 diabetes. The educator can confirm that the client understands the primary treatment for type 2 diabetes when the client states what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Weight loss helps improve insulin sensitivity. 2. Managing weight is crucial for controlling blood sugar levels. 3. Dietitian-designed plans focus on balanced nutrition for diabetes management. 4. Weight loss can reduce the need for medication and improve overall health. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Pancreas transplant is not a primary treatment for type 2 diabetes. B: Taking oral antidiabetic agents based on blood sugar levels is not ideal. D: Contacting the diabetes educator for insulin questions is important but not primary treatment.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has completed the admission assessment of a client and has determined that the client's body mass index (BMI) is 33.5 kg/m2. What health promotion advice should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (A): 1. BMI of 33.5 indicates the client is in the overweight category. 2. Physical activity can help in weight management and improving overall health. 3. Integrating physical activity can help in reducing weight and lowering BMI. 4. Health promotion advice should focus on lifestyle changes rather than surgical interventions or support groups. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: While maintaining a healthy diet is important, focusing solely on diet may not be as effective as incorporating physical activity for weight management. C: Surgical options are typically considered for severe obesity cases, which may not be necessary at a BMI of 33.5. D: Referring to a support group for severe obesity may not be appropriate at this stage as lifestyle modifications should be the initial approach.
Question 3 of 5
A client with long-standing obesity has been prescribed phentermine/topiramate-ER. What statement by the client suggests that further health education is necessary?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the client's statement indicates a lack of understanding about the comprehensive approach needed to address obesity. Phentermine/topiramate-ER is not a standalone solution; it is most effective when used in conjunction with lifestyle changes like exercise and dietary modifications. By expressing a dislike for exercise and dietary changes, the client demonstrates a reliance solely on the medication, which is not conducive to long-term weight management. This suggests a need for further education on the importance of holistic lifestyle modifications in conjunction with medication therapy. Choice B is incorrect because the client expressing disbelief at medications for obesity is not necessarily indicative of a need for further education; it may simply reflect surprise or lack of awareness. Choice C is incorrect as the client's nervousness about blood tests is a common concern and does not necessarily indicate a need for more education. Choice D is also incorrect as financial concerns are valid but do not directly relate to the need for additional health education.
Question 4 of 5
A client with liver failure is at an increased risk of bleeding due to the inability to synthesize prothrombin in the liver. What factor most likely contributes to this loss of function?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inability of the liver to use vitamin K. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors, including prothrombin. In liver failure, impaired function leads to reduced production of bile, which is necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin K. This results in inadequate activation of clotting factors and increased risk of bleeding. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as alterations in glucose metabolism, retention of bile salts, and inadequate albumin production do not directly impact the synthesis and activation of clotting factors like prothrombin in liver failure.
Question 5 of 5
What assessments should the nurse prioritize for a client with portal hypertension admitted to the medical floor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Daily weights and measurement of abdominal girth. Portal hypertension can lead to fluid retention and ascites, causing weight gain and abdominal distension. Monitoring these parameters helps assess fluid status and effectiveness of treatment. A: Assessment of blood pressure and evaluation for headaches and visual changes is not a priority as they are not directly related to portal hypertension. B: Assessment for signs and symptoms of venous thromboembolism is not a priority in this case unless there are specific risk factors present. D: Monitoring blood glucose every 4 hours is not directly related to portal hypertension and is not a priority in this scenario.