ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has just completed an information session about measures to minimize the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Which statement indicates an initial understanding of lifestyle alterations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choosing a diet that is low in fat and cholesterol is crucial for managing and preventing the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). This dietary change can help reduce the risk of further complications associated with CAD, such as plaque buildup in the arteries. It is a fundamental lifestyle alteration that can positively impact the client's heart health.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction has a new activity prescription allowing the client to have bathroom privileges. As the client stands and begins to walk, the client begins to complain of chest pain. The nurse should take which action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a client with myocardial infarction experiencing chest pain during activity, the priority action is to stop the activity immediately to reduce the heart's workload and oxygen demand. Assisting the client back to bed helps in reducing stress on the heart and can prevent worsening of the condition. Reporting the chest pain episode to the healthcare provider is important but should not delay taking immediate action to alleviate symptoms. Taking the client's blood pressure and administering nitroglycerin are secondary actions after ensuring the client's safety and comfort.
Question 3 of 5
A client being seen in the emergency department for complaints of chest pain confides in the nurse about regular use of cocaine as a recreational drug. The nurse takes which important action in delivering holistic nursing care to this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should prioritize educating the client about the effects of cocaine on the heart and provide a referral for further help. This approach is crucial in addressing the root cause of the client's health issues and supporting them in making informed decisions about their health. Reporting the client to the police or simply explaining the damage without offering solutions may not effectively address the client's needs or promote holistic care.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is planning measures to decrease the incidence of chest pain for a client with angina pectoris. The nurse should do which intervention to effectively accomplish this goal?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of a client with angina pectoris, the correct intervention to decrease the incidence of chest pain is to provide a quiet and low-stimulus environment (Option A). This is because excessive noise, stimulation, or stress can exacerbate angina by increasing heart rate and blood pressure, leading to a higher oxygen demand by the heart muscle. By creating a calm and quiet environment, the nurse helps reduce these triggers and supports the client in managing their condition effectively. Encouraging the family to visit frequently (Option B) may provide emotional support but can also introduce additional stimuli and potential stress, which could worsen the client's angina symptoms. Similarly, encouraging the client to call friends and relatives daily (Option C) may lead to emotional stress or excitement, which are not conducive to managing angina. Recommending TV as a constant diversion (Option D) may not address the root cause of the chest pain and could even contribute to a sedentary lifestyle, which is not ideal for cardiovascular health. In an educational context, understanding the impact of environmental factors on cardiovascular health is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers. By choosing the appropriate interventions, like creating a quiet environment for a client with angina, nurses can help optimize patient outcomes and quality of life. This question highlights the importance of holistic care and individualized interventions based on the specific needs of clients with cardiovascular conditions.
Question 5 of 5
The healthcare provider notes this rhythm on the client's cardiac monitor. The healthcare provider next reports that the client is experiencing which heart rhythm?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by rapid, chaotic electrical impulses in the atria, leading to an irregular and often rapid ventricular response. This results in a quivering or irregular heartbeat, which can lead to complications like stroke or heart failure. Option A) Normal sinus rhythm is the typical, healthy heart rhythm where electrical impulses originate from the sinus node in a regular pattern. This is not the correct answer because the described rhythm is not regular. Option C) Sinus bradycardia is a slower-than-normal heart rate originating from the sinus node. While it is a possibility, the description of a rapid and chaotic rhythm does not align with sinus bradycardia. Option D) Ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening emergency where the ventricles quiver and are unable to effectively pump blood. This is not the correct answer because the description provided pertains to atrial, not ventricular, activity. Understanding cardiac rhythms is crucial in healthcare, especially for LPNs who may need to identify abnormal rhythms promptly. Atrial fibrillation requires appropriate management to prevent complications, making it important for healthcare providers to recognize and act on this rhythm promptly.