A client has been prescribed enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct instruction for a client prescribed enoxaparin is option C: "You should inject the medication once daily." This instruction is correct because enoxaparin is a medication used as an anticoagulant to prevent blood clots. It is typically administered once daily to maintain therapeutic levels in the body and prevent clot formation. Option A: "You need to obtain routine blood tests to monitor the effects of this medication" is incorrect because while monitoring clotting times may be necessary for some anticoagulants like warfarin, enoxaparin does not require routine blood tests for monitoring. Option B: "You should administer the medication into your thigh" is incorrect because enoxaparin is usually injected into the fatty layer of the abdomen, not the thigh, to improve absorption and reduce the risk of bruising. Option D: "You need to use a 1-inch needle to administer the medication" is incorrect because the needle length for administering enoxaparin is typically shorter, around ⅝ to 1 inch, to ensure proper subcutaneous injection without reaching muscle tissue. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind the correct administration of medications like enoxaparin is crucial for nurses to ensure safe and effective patient care. By knowing the proper administration technique and frequency, nurses can help prevent complications and optimize the therapeutic benefits of the medication for their patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aspirating before injecting the medication is a crucial step in IM injections to check for blood return, ensuring that the needle is not in a blood vessel. This technique helps prevent accidental intravascular injection of the medication, reducing the risk of complications such as inadvertent intravenous administration of the substance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Crackles in the lungs are a classic sign of fluid volume overload. When there is an excess of fluid in the lungs, it can manifest as crackling sounds upon auscultation. This finding indicates the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lungs, which is a common manifestation of fluid volume overload.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In caring for a client with a new colostomy, the healthcare provider should empty the colostomy bag when it is half full (Option A). This is the correct action because allowing the bag to become too full can lead to leakage, skin irritation, and discomfort for the client. Regular emptying helps maintain the integrity of the ostomy system and prevents complications. Option B is incorrect because placing aspirin in the colostomy bag can be harmful to the client's stoma and skin, as aspirin is not meant for this purpose and can cause irritation. Option C is incorrect because while using sterile technique is important in certain situations, it is not necessary for routine colostomy care. Option D is also incorrect because changing the pouch every 8 hours is not necessary unless there is a specific issue or concern with the pouch. Educationally, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the proper care techniques for clients with ostomies to ensure optimal outcomes and quality of life. Teaching about timely emptying of colostomy bags, proper hygiene, skin care, and when to seek help can help prevent complications and promote client well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction to include for a client being discharged with a prescription for furosemide is to 'Change positions slowly.' Furosemide, a diuretic, can cause dizziness and orthostatic hypotension, increasing the risk of falls. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the body can adjust to postural changes gradually, reducing the likelihood of falls and related injuries.