ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with an esophageal diverticulum after undergoing diagnostic imaging. When taking the health history, the nurse should expect the client to describe what sign or symptom?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer B (Regurgitation of undigested food): 1. Esophageal diverticulum is a pouch-like protrusion in the esophageal wall, causing difficulty in swallowing. 2. Due to the diverticulum, food may get trapped and regurgitated, leading to regurgitation of undigested food. 3. This symptom is characteristic of esophageal diverticulum and indicates an abnormality in the esophageal functioning. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Burning pain on swallowing - Not a typical symptom of esophageal diverticulum; more indicative of conditions like GERD. C: Symptoms mimicking a myocardial infarction - Unrelated to esophageal diverticulum and more suggestive of cardiac issues. D: Chronic parotid abscesses - Not associated with esophageal diverticulum, as parotid abscesses involve the salivary glands.
Question 2 of 5
After undergoing rigid fixation for a mandibular fracture from a fight, what area of care should the nurse prioritize for discharge education for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because promoting adequate nutrition is crucial for optimal healing of mandibular fractures. Malnutrition can delay recovery and impair bone healing. The nurse should prioritize educating the client on ways to maintain a balanced diet, such as consuming foods rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals. A: Resumption of activities of daily living is important, but nutrition is more critical for healing. B: Pain control is essential, but ensuring proper nutrition is a higher priority for optimal recovery. D: Strategies for promoting adequate nutrition is redundant and less specific compared to the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
After a client's neck dissection surgery resulted in damage to the superior laryngeal nerve, what area of assessment should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The client's swallowing ability. Damage to the superior laryngeal nerve can lead to swallowing difficulties, as it innervates the muscles involved in swallowing. Prioritizing assessment of swallowing ability is crucial to prevent aspiration and ensure adequate nutrition intake. Incorrect choices: B: The client's ability to speak - Damage to the superior laryngeal nerve mainly affects swallowing, not speech. C: The client's management of secretions - While important, it is secondary to swallowing assessment in this context. D: The client's airway patency - Although important, focusing on swallowing ability is more directly related to the nerve damage.
Question 4 of 5
A client returns to the unit after a neck dissection. The surgeon placed a Jackson-Pratt drain in the wound. When assessing the wound drainage over the first 24 postoperative hours, what finding would prompt the nurse to notify the health care provider immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 60 mL of milky or cloudy drainage. This finding could indicate the presence of an infection, which is a serious complication post-neck dissection. Milky or cloudy drainage may contain pus, indicating the need for immediate intervention to prevent further complications. A: Presence of small blood clots in the drainage is relatively common and may not necessarily indicate a problem unless there are large clots or excessive bleeding. C: Spots of drainage on the dressings surrounding the drain are expected and do not necessarily warrant immediate notification unless there is excessive leakage. D: 120 mL of serosanguinous drainage is within the expected range for the first 24 hours postoperatively and may not be a cause for immediate concern unless there are other symptoms present.
Question 5 of 5
When working with a client who has chronic constipation, what should be included in client teaching to promote normal bowel function?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Consume high-residue, high-fiber foods. High-fiber foods promote regular bowel movements by adding bulk to the stool, making it easier to pass. Fiber also helps in maintaining bowel health and preventing constipation. Glycerin suppositories (A) should not be used regularly as they can lead to dependence. Limiting physical activity (B) is not recommended as exercise can aid in promoting bowel peristalsis. Resisting the urge to defecate (D) can worsen constipation and lead to complications. In summary, promoting high-fiber diet is the most effective way to help manage chronic constipation.