ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client begins to drain small amounts of red blood from a tracheostomy tube 36 hours after a supraglottic laryngectomy. The licensed practical nurse should perform which action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red blood from a tracheostomy post-laryngectomy suggests bleeding; notifying the RN (A) is the priority for escalation. Suctioning (B) or moisture (C) doesn't address the cause. Documentation (D) follows. A is correct. Rationale: Bleeding may indicate hemorrhage, requiring RN assessment and intervention, per scope of practice and emergency protocols.
Question 2 of 5
Which color of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may indicate subarachnoid hemorrhage in the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Yellow CSF (B) indicates subarachnoid hemorrhage due to xanthochromia from blood breakdown. Hazy (A) suggests infection. Brown (C) or colorless (D) don't fit. B is correct. Rationale: Xanthochromia confirms bleeding, a key diagnostic sign, per neurology standards, distinguishing it from other CSF changes.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a spinal cord injury at the T6 level who suddenly develops a blood pressure of 200/100 mm Hg and a headache. Which condition does the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BP 200/100 and headache in T6 SCI suggest autonomic dysreflexia (B) from a stimulus below the injury. Neurogenic shock (A) has hypotension. Hypovolemic (C) or septic (D) don't match. B is correct. Rationale: Dysreflexia's sympathetic surge above T6 triggers hypertension, per SCI emergency care, requiring immediate stimulus removal.
Question 4 of 5
According to the nursing code of ethics, when working as a nurse and a conflict comes up between your client's needs and what the family and/or the physician wants, and/or the hospital policies, your first loyalty is to the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing code of ethics emphasizes that a nurse's primary loyalty is to the client, prioritizing their needs and well-being above conflicting interests from family, physicians, or hospital policies. This principle stems from the duty to advocate for the client's autonomy, safety, and health, ensuring decisions align with their best interests. When family or physician preferences diverge, the nurse must assess and support what benefits the client most, even if it means navigating tension. Hospital policies guide practice but don't override client-centered care. This ethical stance empowers nurses to act as client advocates, fostering trust and upholding professional integrity. For instance, if a family pushes for an intervention the client refuses, the nurse defends the client's right to choose, reinforcing that their needs come first in ethical practice.
Question 5 of 5
When you encounter the victim of an electrical-current injury who is still holding an electrical appliance, you would do which of the following things first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For an electrical injury with the victim still holding the appliance, shutting off the current is the first step to stop the hazard. Moving them risks shocking the rescuer, and unplugging might be unsafe if the source isn't accessible. Checking vitals comes after ensuring safety. Turning off the power via a breaker if needed eliminates the risk, allowing safe intervention, a priority in emergency nursing to protect all involved.