ATI LPN
Questions for the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client beginning medication therapy with montelukast (Singulair) asks the nurse how the medication is helping the symptoms. Which is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Montelukast (Singulair), a leukotriene modifier, decreases inflammation and mucus secretion (A) by blocking leukotrienes mediators of asthma's bronchoconstriction and mucosal swelling. This reduces airway obstruction, easing symptoms. Increasing mucus (B) worsens blockage; bronchodilation isn't its role beta-agonists do that. It doesn't stop smooth muscle contraction via nerves (C) or shield from allergens (D) it mitigates their effects post-exposure. This anti-inflammatory action, distinct from rescue inhalers, suits maintenance therapy, critical for patient understanding of its preventive role, a nursing priority to ensure adherence and clarify its place in asthma management.
Question 2 of 5
A 49-year-old man has had increasing dyspnea for the past 4 years. He has an occasional cough with minimal sputum production. On physical examination, his lungs are hyperresonant with expiratory wheezes. Pulmonary function tests show increased total lung capacity (TLC) with slightly increased FVC and decreased FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio. Arterial blood gas measurement shows pH of 7.35; Po2, 65 mm Hg; and Pco2, 50 mm Hg. Which of the following disease processes should most often be suspected as a cause of these findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Centrilobular emphysema (A) matches this obstructive pattern . Smoking (implied) destroys respiratory bronchioles , increasing TLC (air trapping) and dropping FEV1/FVC (<70%). Hypoxemia (Po2 65) fits pink puffer' . Embolism (B) spares airways. Alveolar damage (C) is acute. Asthma (D) is episodic. A's chronicity unlike D's reversibility explains findings, per document.
Question 3 of 5
A patient came to the clinic with asthmatic attack, his body did not respond to the drugs and it is found that he had hypoxemia. What do we call this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
15 female patient present to the physician with breathlessness cough and sputum production the patient diagnosed with bronchial asthma which of the following would be found if we do sputum analysis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
The lungs are attached to the walls of the thorax by means of the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The parietal pleural membrane (B) attaches lungs to the thorax . This serous layer lines the chest wall, adhering via negative pressure (-5 mmHg) to the visceral pleura (C), encasing lungs. The pericardium (A) surrounds the heart, not lungs. Mesentery (D) supports abdominal organs. B's pleural linkage unlike A's cardiac or D's digestive role maintains lung position during breathing's 500 mL tidal shifts, per physiology (Page 1).