ATI LPN
Perioperative Care Fundamentals Practice Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A circulating nurse is responsible for ensuring client safety. If an electrical cord is frayed, what action by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ensuring client safety by replacing faulty equipment is the priority.
Question 2 of 5
When assessing for substances that are known to harm workers lungs, the occupational health nurse should assess their potential exposure to which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asbestos exposure is a well-documented occupational hazard causing pneumoconiosis, notably asbestosis, and lung cancer due to its fibrous particles lodging in lung tissue, triggering chronic inflammation and scarring. The occupational health nurse must assess this risk in industries like construction or shipbuilding, where asbestos was historically used. Organic acids may irritate airways but don't typically cause chronic lung disease like pneumoconiosis. Propane, a gas, poses asphyxiation or explosion risks, not direct lung parenchymal damage. Gypsum (calcium sulfate) is a dust irritant but lacks the fibrogenic potency of asbestos. Focusing on asbestos exposure via job history, duration, and protective measures enables the nurse to identify workers at risk for irreversible lung damage, facilitating early screening (e.g., spirometry, imaging) and prevention strategies like respirators, critical in occupational health.
Question 3 of 5
A clinic nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patient asks the nurse what he could have done to minimize the risk of contracting this disease. What would be the nurses best answer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is the most significant risk factor for COPD, driving 85-90% of cases by causing chronic airway inflammation, ciliary damage, and alveolar destruction (e.g., emphysema). The nurse's response highlights this preventable cause, emphasizing that quitting or never starting smoking drastically reduces risk, as smoke's tar and chemicals progressively impair lung function over decades. Occupational toxins (e.g., silica) contribute but are far less prevalent, affecting specific worker subsets. Inadequate exercise doesn't cause COPD, though it may worsen symptoms. Dust and pollen trigger allergies or asthma, not COPD's irreversible obstruction. Educating the patient on smoking's primacy quantified by pack-years underscores its outsized role, aligning with epidemiology (e.g., CDC data) and empowering lifestyle change to mitigate progression.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is developing the teaching portion of a care plan for a patient with COPD. What would be the most important component for the nurse to emphasize?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most important teaching component for a COPD patient is that chronic inhalation of indoor toxins (e.g., smoke, dust, chemicals) can cause lung damage, exacerbating airway obstruction and alveolar destruction. This environmental factor, alongside smoking, drives COPD progression by triggering inflammation and oxidative stress, worsening FEV1 decline. Allowing any smoking e.g., half a pack weekly contradicts cessation's necessity, as even minimal exposure sustains damage. Minor infections aren't self-limited in COPD; they disrupt fragile lung function, requiring prompt treatment to prevent exacerbations. Clustering ADLs in the morning ignores energy conservation needs pacing throughout the day reduces dyspnea. The nurse's emphasis on avoiding indoor toxins empowers the patient to control modifiable risks, complementing smoking cessation and medication, critical for slowing COPD's irreversible course.
Question 5 of 5
The case manager for a group of patients with COPD is providing health education. What is most important for the nurse to assess when providing instructions on self-management to these patients?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In COPD self-management education, the nurse must assess patients' knowledge of self-care and their therapeutic regimen e.g., medication use (inhalers), breathing techniques, and exacerbation action plans as it's most important for daily control and preventing hospitalization. Understanding how to use bronchodilators, adhere to schedules, and recognize worsening symptoms (e.g., increased dyspnea) empowers patients to manage this chronic, irreversible condition effectively, per COPD guidelines (e.g., GOLD). Alternative treatments (e.g., acupuncture) lack evidence for core management. Family awareness of ADLs helps support but isn't the patient's primary learning need. Pathophysiology knowledge aids context but isn't essential for practical self-care. The nurse's focus on this area ensures adherence and skill mastery, critical for long-term COPD outcomes.