ATI LPN
Immune System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child is diagnosed with thrombocytopenia secondary to chemotherapy treatments. Which action by the nurse is not appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer intramuscular injections (IM). In a child with thrombocytopenia, the platelet count is low, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Administering IM injections can cause bleeding at the injection site due to the potential trauma to blood vessels. Performing oral hygiene (B), monitoring intake and output (C), and using palpation as a component of assessment (D) are appropriate actions that do not pose a significant risk of bleeding in a child with thrombocytopenia. It is crucial to prioritize interventions that minimize the risk of bleeding complications in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A child who has nephrotic syndrome is admitted to the pediatric unit. Which of the following should the nurse expect to find? (Select one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased urine specific gravity. In nephrotic syndrome, there is increased protein loss in the urine, leading to proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. This results in a decrease in colloid osmotic pressure, causing fluid to leak into the interstitial spaces, leading to edema. Hyperlipidemia occurs due to the liver's response to low serum albumin levels. However, urine specific gravity is typically normal or even increased due to the concentrated urine caused by the loss of proteins and other solutes. Therefore, the nurse should not expect to find decreased urine specific gravity in a child with nephrotic syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
The client in end-stage of renal failure had undergone kidney transplant. Which of the following assessment findings indicate kidney transplant rejection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Decreased urinary output and sudden weight gain indicate kidney transplant rejection. Decreased urinary output suggests decreased kidney function, while sudden weight gain can be due to fluid retention caused by rejection. Increased urinary output and normal BUN indicate proper kidney function. High HCT and Hgb levels indicate good oxygen-carrying capacity, ruling out rejection. Decreased urinary output and weight loss are not typical signs of rejection.
Question 4 of 5
A child with severe gastroenteritis is admitted to a semiprivate room on the pediatric unit. The charge nurse should place this client with which roommate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Placing the child with another child with gastroenteritis is the best option to prevent transmission of the infection to other vulnerable patients. Choosing option A would risk exposing the child with meningitis to gastroenteritis. Option B involves a child with neutropenia who is immunocompromised and at high risk for infection. Option D may not be ideal as the child recovering from an appendectomy may have a weakened immune system and could be at risk for acquiring gastroenteritis. Placing the child with another case of gastroenteritis minimizes the risk of spreading the infection and ensures appropriate care and isolation measures are in place.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 4-month-old infant about good feeding habits. The nurse emphasizes the importance of holding the baby during feeding and not letting the infant go to sleep with the bottle. Which disorder is associated with propped feedings and going to sleep with the bottle?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Otitis media. Propped feedings and letting the baby sleep with a bottle can lead to increased risk of otitis media, an ear infection. When a baby is propped up during feeding, there is a greater chance of liquid entering the middle ear through the Eustachian tube, leading to infection. All other choices (B: Aspiration, C: Malocclusion problems, D: Sleeping disorders) are not directly associated with propped feedings and bottle sleeping in infants.