ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child is diagnosed with a Wilms tumor. Which nursing action is most appropriate prior to surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Careful bathing and handling. Prior to surgery for a child with a Wilms tumor, it is important to ensure careful bathing and handling to prevent any potential injury to the tumor or surrounding tissues. This helps in maintaining the integrity of the tumor and reduces the risk of complications during surgery. Monitoring behavioral status (B) is important but not the priority before surgery. Maintenance of strict isolation (C) is unnecessary for Wilms tumor and may cause emotional distress. Administration of packed red-blood cells (D) is not indicated unless there is a specific medical indication, which is not typically the case for Wilms tumor.
Question 2 of 5
The administration of prednisone to children with nephrotic syndrome creates the problem of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased risk of infection. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that suppresses the immune system, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections in children with nephrotic syndrome. This is because prednisone inhibits the body's ability to fight off pathogens, making children more prone to developing infections. A: Intolerance of foods is not a common problem associated with prednisone administration in children with nephrotic syndrome. C: Decreased serum sodium is not a direct effect of prednisone administration in this context. D: Weight loss is not typically a problem with prednisone use; in fact, weight gain is more common due to fluid retention and increased appetite.
Question 3 of 5
An adolescent with a history of surgical repair for undescended testes (cryptorchidism) comes to the clinic for a sports physical. Anticipatory guidance for the parents and adolescent would focus on which of the following as most important?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, technique for monthly testicular self-examinations. This is important because individuals with a history of cryptorchidism are at higher risk for testicular cancer. Monthly self-examinations can help in early detection and improve outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because sterility is not the main concern in this scenario. Choice B is incorrect as future plans are not directly related to the health issue at hand. Choice D is incorrect as psychosocial support, while important, is not the most crucial aspect in this situation.
Question 4 of 5
A neonate is fed 20 mL of formula every three hours by orogastric lavage. At the beginning of this feeding, the nurse aspirates 15 mL of gastric residual. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Withhold the feeding and notify the healthcare provider. The rationale for this is that aspirating 15 mL of gastric residual indicates delayed gastric emptying or potential risk of aspiration. Withholding the feeding and informing the healthcare provider allows for further assessment and potential interventions to prevent complications. Choice B is incorrect because replacing the residual and continuing with the full feeding may increase the risk of aspiration or other complications. Choice C is incorrect as giving only 5 mL of the feeding does not address the underlying issue of delayed gastric emptying. Choice D is incorrect as waiting three hours to check the residual without taking immediate action may lead to further complications if the issue persists.
Question 5 of 5
During a well-child physical, an adolescent female has a normal history and physical except for an excessive amount of tooth enamel erosion, a greater-than-normal number of filled cavities, and calluses on the back of her hand. Her body mass index is in the 50th to 75th percentile for her age. Which disorder is the nurse concerned about based on the assessment findings
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bulimia nervosa. The excessive tooth enamel erosion, filled cavities, and calluses on the back of the hand are indicative of self-induced vomiting, which is a common behavior in individuals with bulimia nervosa. The body mass index being in the 50th to 75th percentile suggests that the individual is not severely underweight, ruling out anorexia nervosa, kwashiorkor, and marasmus. Bulimia nervosa is characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, which can lead to dental problems and calluses from inducing vomiting.