ATI LPN
Pediatric Nursing Cardiac Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child appears with jaundice and dark urine. Physical examination reveals hepatomegaly. Sweat chloride test is positive. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis fits jaundice, hepatomegaly, and positive sweat test, likely biliary cirrhosis, per CFF. A, B, D, E don’t match.
Question 2 of 5
A 6-month-old boy has poor weight gain and frequent respiratory infections. Physical exam reveals a pansystolic murmur. Echocardiogram shows a ventricular septal defect. The next step is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics and observation manage small VSDs with heart failure symptoms, per AHA. A is for large defects, C-E are not primary steps.
Question 3 of 5
A 2-year-old boy presents with fever and a seizure. Exam shows a bulging fontanelle. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meningitis fits fever, seizure, and bulging fontanelle, per AAP. A, C-E lack this triad.
Question 4 of 5
A 6-month-old infant presents with pallor and lethargy. Labs show hemoglobin of 6 g/dL and reticulocytosis. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemolytic anemia fits pallor, low hemoglobin, and reticulocytosis, per AAP. A-D have different lab patterns.
Question 5 of 5
A 2-month-old infant presents with tachypnea and wheezing. Chest x-ray shows hyperinflation. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchiolitis features tachypnea, wheezing, and hyperinflation in infants, per AAP. A, C-E differ.