ATI LPN
Cardiovascular System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 78-year-old man with dyspnea is brought to the ER for evaluation. Physical examination reveals jugular venous distension and bilateral rales in both lung fields. Chest X-ray reveals pulmonary congestion consistent with fluid overload. What is the best treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, is best for acute pulmonary edema.
Question 2 of 5
After a hemicolectomy to remove a colon carcinoma, a 53-year-old man develops respiratory distress. He is intubated and receives mechanical ventilation with 100% oxygen. Three days later, his arterial oxygen saturation decreases. A chest radiograph shows increasing opacification in all lung fields. A transbronchial lung biopsy specimen shows hyaline membranes lining distended alveolar ducts and sacs. Which of the following most likely represents the fundamental mechanism underlying these morphologic changes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) post-surgery involves leukocyte-mediated endothelial injury, leading to hyaline membranes and diffuse alveolar damage.
Question 3 of 5
What action by the AP will require the nurse to intervene when taking the blood pressure of an obese patient admitted with heart failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cuff should be deflated at a rate of 2 to 3 mm Hg/sec. The arm should be supported at the level of the heart for accurate blood pressure measurements.
Question 4 of 5
When engineers brainstorm together as a team, they make sure to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Effective brainstorming involves generating many ideas and building on them collaboratively, not criticizing or limiting focus.
Question 5 of 5
What assessment finding would require the nurse to stop the infusion and notify the provider if a client is receiving lidocaine IV for ventricular dysrhythmias?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A widened QRS complex indicates potential worsening of the dysrhythmia or toxicity.