A 77-year-old woman with an inoperable brain tumor has been hospitalized for the past 5 days. Her daughter comes to visit her. The patient has asked that her daughter not be told her diagnosis. After visiting with her mother, the daughter asks to speak to the nurse. She says, 'My mother claims she has pneumonia, but I know she is not telling me the truth.' The daughter asks the nurse to tell her what is truly wrong with her mother. The nurse should tell her that:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse's first allegiance is to the patient and her desire for confidentiality. Telling the daughter to speak to the physician would place the physician in the same position as the nurse. Telling her that her mother has pneumonia would be a lie. The nurse, of course, should inform the physician of the patient's wishes so that he will be prepared if the daughter questions him about her mother's health condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: CHO = 4 cal per gram = 120 cal; Fat = 9 cal per gram = 171 cal; Protein = 4 cal per gram = 20 cal; Total: 311 cal.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ethics of care focuses on relationships and caring, aligning with the nurse's beliefs, unlike deontology (rule-based), feminist ethics (relationship-based but broader), or utilitarianism (outcome-based). (Note: Original question allowed multiple answers; restructured to single-answer format.)

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nurses have an ethical responsibility of veracity which means they must provide accurate information even when it may be difficult or distressing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ethical principles, such as respect for autonomy and informed consent, play a vital role in nursing practice.