ATI LPN
ATI Medical Surgical Endocrine Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 73-year-old woman has experienced malaise and a 10-kg weight loss over the past 4 months. She also has developed a chronic cough during this time. She has a 100 pack-year history of smoking cigarettes. Physical examination shows muscle wasting and 4/5 motor strength in all extremities. Abdominal CT scan shows bilaterally enlarged adrenal glands. A chest radiograph shows a 6-cm perihilar mass on the right and prominent hilar lymphadenopathy. Laboratory studies show Na+, 118 mmol/L; K+, 6 mmol/L; Cl-, 95 mmol/L; CO2, 21 mmol/L; and glucose, 49 mg/dL. Her 8:00 am serum cortisol level is 9 ng/mL. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The lung mass is likely a primary lung carcinoma, and the bilaterally enlarged adrenal glands can be explained by metastases to the adrenal glands. Destruction of over 90% of the adrenal cortices is responsible for adrenal failure manifested by malaise and the low serum cortisol concentration and the electrolyte disturbances.
Question 2 of 5
Which is true of dark (red) muscle?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dark (red) muscle is slow-twitch, rich in mitochondria, suited for endurance.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following factors is not involved in determining cardiac output?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All affect CO: stretch (preload), hormones (epinephrine), ANS (sympathetic), resistance (afterload).
Question 4 of 5
Leia suffered a deep laceration (cut) to her right forearm immediately distal to her elbow and notes blood spurting from the wound. At which of the following pressure points may direct pressure be placed to slow or stop severe bleeding:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Brachial artery pressure point (above elbow) controls forearm bleeding.
Question 5 of 5
Which respiratory division includes the larynx and respiratory structures distal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lower respiratory tract starts at larynx, includes trachea, bronchi, alveoli.