ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 72-year-old man presents with a sudden onset of left flank pain. In the emergency room, the patient is hypotensive. A pulsatile mass is palpated in the abdomen. Which of the following is MOST responsible for the pathogenesis of this patient's condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which can rupture, causing flank pain, hypotension, and a pulsatile mass.
Question 2 of 9
A 72-year-old man presents with a sudden onset of left flank pain. In the emergency room, the patient is hypotensive. A pulsatile mass is palpated in the abdomen. Which of the following is MOST responsible for the pathogenesis of this patient's condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which can rupture, causing flank pain, hypotension, and a pulsatile mass.
Question 3 of 9
Type III hyperlipoproteinemia caused by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type III hyperlipoproteinemia results from Apo E deficiency, impairing remnant clearance.
Question 4 of 9
34 yo woman with history of a miscarriage 5 years ago presents with new right-sided hemiparesis and slurred speech for the past 2 hours Her symptoms slowly resolve while in the emergency department.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: After a TIA, checking for both Protein C/S deficiencies and antiphospholipid antibodies is important to determine underlying hypercoagulable states.
Question 5 of 9
A 36-year-old male was injured in a high-speed motor accident. He is unbelted and, as a result, was ejected from vehicle. On arrival to the trauma bay. His GCS scale was 7 leading to emergently intubated. Injuries included moderate subdural hematoma and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Multiple bilateral nondisplaced rib fractures, bilateral pulmonary contusions, grade 3 splenic injury managed non-operatively and left femur fracture managed with an intramedullary rod on postoperative day 6. On post-trauma day 9, his GCS score is 11T and he qualifies for extubation. Which of the following criteria for extubation is best supported by the literature?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A successful spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) of 30 minutes is the most evidence-based criterion for predicting successful extubation, as it assesses the patient's ability to breathe independently. Studies, including those in critical care literature, show SBT outperforms other measures like negative inspiratory force or cuff leak in multi-trauma patients.
Question 6 of 9
Which of the following supplies the apex of the heart?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The anterior interventricular artery (left anterior descending artery) supplies the apex of the heart.
Question 7 of 9
A 65 year old man with urinary retention secondary to prostatic hyperplasia, develops spiking fever, and tachypnea. Physical exam reveals intercostal muscle retractions and bilateral inspiratory crackles. A chest x-ray exhibits bilateral interstitial and alveolar infiltrates. ABGs demonstrate severe hypoxemia. You expect the blood culture reveals...
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gram-negative rods (e.g., E. coli) from a urinary source cause sepsis and ARDS, with bilateral infiltrates, crackles, and hypoxemia.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following is not true of the atria?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Auricles are specific structures that extend from the atria but are not synonymous with them.
Question 9 of 9
Which laboratory test result would require the nurse to contact the provider before administering amiodarone to a client with a ventricular dysrhythmia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amiodarone can cause hepatotoxicity, so elevated liver enzymes require provider notification.