ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Med Surg Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 72-year-old African American male undergoes hip surgery. On his third hospital day, he develops chest pain, tachycardia, dyspnea, and low-grade fever. The man goes into cardiac arrest and efforts to resuscitate him are unsuccessful. On autopsy a massive pulmonary embolism is discovered. Which of the following would most likely predispose the patient to this event?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Factor V Leiden mutation increases clotting risk, predisposing to pulmonary embolism.
Question 2 of 5
A medical student is doing a summer research project that involves administering beta2-receptor agonists to rats to determine the physiologic changes. Which of the following would be expected following steady state intravenous dosing of agent X, a beta2 agonist?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta2 agonists cause glycogenolysis, leading to hyperglycemia.
Question 3 of 5
During what phase does stroke volume decrease in the ventricles?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stroke volume decreases during isovolumetric contraction because no blood is ejected during this phase.
Question 4 of 5
A 23-year-old woman develops the sudden onset of congestive heart failure. Her condition rapidly deteriorates and she dies in heart failure. At autopsy, patchy interstitial infiltrates composed mainly of lymphocytes are found, some of which surround individual myocytes. What is the most likely cause of this patient's heart failure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Viral myocarditis (e.g., coxsackievirus) causes lymphocytic infiltrates and acute heart failure, a common cause in young adults with rapid deterioration.
Question 5 of 5
In a 62 year old man who has been a roofer for 25 years and a smoker for 10 years, which of the following cancers would he be most likely prone to developing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pleural mesothelioma is strongly linked to asbestos exposure (common in roofers), outweighing smoking-related lung cancer risk in this context.