ATI LPN
Neurological Disorders in Medical Surgical Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 66-year-old man presents with progressively worsening headache that is most severe with sneezing and picking up heavy objects. The headache began approximately 3 months ago, is diffuse, non-pulsating, and associated with nausea and 2 episodes of vomiting. Medical history is unremarkable. A gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain shows a hyperintense serpentine irregularity of the margins. Pathology shows a hypercellular gliotic tumor with necrosis and high mitotic count. Preparations are made for radiation therapy with adjuvant chemotherapy. Which of the following is most likely the adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent used?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High-grade glioma (e.g., glioblastoma) with necrosis and mitotic activity is treated with radiation and temozolomide, an alkylating agent improving survival. Bevacizumab is for recurrence.
Question 2 of 5
Action potentials normally travel along an axon
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Action potentials propagate unidirectionally from the axon hillock (near the cell body) toward the axon terminals, away from the soma.
Question 3 of 5
One of the most important branch points in the evolution of animals and their nervous systems was the appearance of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bilateral symmetry allowed cephalization and centralized nervous systems, a key evolutionary step for complex behavior.
Question 4 of 5
The sophisticated behavior of mammals and birds is directly related to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The large cerebrum in mammals and birds supports complex behaviors like problem-solving and learning.
Question 5 of 5
What part of the brain allows us to recognize the emotional content of facial expressions and also helps lay down emotional memories?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The amygdala processes emotional recognition (e.g., facial expressions) and forms emotional memories.