ATI LPN
Neurological Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 66-year-old man presents with fluctuating cognitive dysfunction. He is accompanied by his wife, and she reports that at times, he seems almost normal, while at other times, he is very confused and disoriented. She also reports that he has gotten lost numerous times when driving home, and he has told her that he has seen 'little children' running through their living room from time to time. Physical examination is significant for a hypophonic voice, bradykinesia and limb rigidity. Which of the following is the mechanism of action of the appropriate medication used to treat this patient’s condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations, and parkinsonism suggest dementia with Lewy bodies. Cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil) improve cognition by enhancing acetylcholine.
Question 2 of 5
The signal that crosses a synapse is stopped when
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Synaptic transmission ends when neurotransmitters are degraded (e.g., by enzymes like acetylcholinesterase) or reuptaken into the presynaptic neuron.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements regarding the brain is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The blood-brain barrier regulates the brain’s chemical environment, protecting it from fluctuations; ventricles contain cerebrospinal fluid, not interstitial fluid.
Question 4 of 5
What part of the brain sorts incoming information, such as touch signals from your hand, into categories before relaying it to the cerebral cortex?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The thalamus acts as a relay station, sorting and directing sensory inputs like touch to the appropriate cortical areas.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements about Parkinson's disease is true?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parkinson’s is a motor disorder (tremors, rigidity) due to dopamine neuron loss in the substantia nigra, not cerebellum.