A 64-year-old client scheduled for surgery with a general anesthetic refuses to remove a set of dentures prior to leaving the unit for the operating room. What would be the most appropriate intervention by the nurse?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Allowing removal in the OR area respects the client's control and reduces anxiety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Gentle rolling ensures even mixing without degrading the medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Professionalism in nursing demands self-direction (autonomous decision-making), a spirit of inquiry (research-driven practice), and independence (accountability), traits ensuring quality care. Concern with quantity focusing on output over excellence clashes with this. Nurses prioritize quality, using tools like audits to assess effectiveness (e.g., patient recovery rates), not just the number of tasks completed. This aligns with Jahoda's definition and nursing's ethical code, where patient outcomes trump volume, a principle reinforced in practice standards and education.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Schulman and Mekler's moral theory, from the 20th century, measures morality by intent and just acts e.g., Robin Hood's good intent but unjust theft is immoral. Unlike Zderad's humanism, Benner's expertise, or Fowler's faith, they emphasize kindness and fairness, guiding nurses in ethical patient treatment, like ensuring equitable care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy (1940s) crowns self-actualization realizing potential as mental health's essence e.g., a nurse finding purpose in caregiving. Self-awareness (base level), esteem (confidence), and worth (value) build toward it. Nursing promotes this peak, aiding patients in meaningful recovery, aligning with psychological well-being goals.