ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Integumentary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 63-year-old patient is admitted with new onset fever; flulike symptoms; blisters over her arms, chest, and neck; and red, painful, oral mucous membranes. The patient should be further evaluated for which possible non–burn injured skin disorder?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome(SJS), and erythema multiforme present with acute onset fever and flulike symptoms, with erythema and blisters developing within 24 to 96 hours, skin and mucous membranes slough, resulting in a significant and painful partial-thickness injury. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome presents predominantly in children. Necrotizing soft tissue infection results from rapidly invasive bacterial infections. Graft versus host disease is not logical given the clinical information provided.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is performing a shift assessment on an elderly patient who is recovering after surgery for a hip fracture. The nurse notes that the patient is complaining of chest pain, has an increased heart rate, and increased respiratory rate. The nurse further notes that the patient is febrile and hypoxic, coughing, and producing large amounts of thick, white sputum. The nurse recognizes that this is a medical emergency and calls for assistance, recognizing that this patient is likely demonstrating symptoms of what complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fat embolism syndrome occurs most frequently in young adults and elderly patients who experience fractures of the proximal femur (i.e., hip fracture). Presenting features of fat embolism syndrome include hypoxia, tachypnea, tachycardia, and pyrexia. The respiratory distress response includes tachypnea, dyspnea, wheezes, precordial chest pain, cough, large amounts of thick, white sputum, and tachycardia. Avascular necrosis (AVN) occurs when the bone loses its blood supply and dies. This does not cause coughing. Complex regional pain syndrome does not have cardiopulmonary involvement.
Question 3 of 5
An older adult patient experienced a fall and required treatment for a fractured hip on the orthopedic unit. Which of the following is a contributory factor to the incidence of falls and fractured hips among the older adult population?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older adults are generally vulnerable to falls and have a high incidence of hip fracture. Weak quadriceps muscles, medication effects, vision loss, and slowed reflexes are among the factors that contribute to the incidence of falls. Decreased hearing is not noted to contribute to the incidence of falls.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing information for high school students about the skin. What should the nurse include about the function of the glands in the skin? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eccrine sweat glands help regulate body temperature by cooling the body through sweat evaporation.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is diagnosed with several superficial partial-thickness burns. What treatment would be indicated for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacitracin ointment prevents infection in superficial partial-thickness burns, promoting healing; other options are less specific or suited for deeper burns.