ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 63-year-old past medical history of hypertension diabetes presents with community-acquired pneumonia that progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome. On hospital, mechanical ventilation is initiated. Continuous enteral nutrition is started by a 14-French nasogastric targeted to deliver 25 kcals per kilogram per day. Which of the following strategies would be implemented to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia during mechanical ventilation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed reduces aspiration risk and is a key strategy to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has heart failure with a normal ejection fraction. Which findings are most likely found in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulmonary congestion is a hallmark sign of heart failure. Edema is also a hallmark sign of heart failure. An ejection fraction greater than 50% indicates a normal ejection fraction. Low cardiac output, not high cardiac output, is a sign of heart failure. An ejection fraction of less than 45% indicates an abnormal ejection fraction.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a correct statement about the pharmacodynamics of Beta-blockers for the treatment of heart failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers cause bradycardia (B) by reducing heart rate and contractility (negative inotropic effect), contrary to A. They're used with ACE/ARBs (D) but avoided in COPD (C).
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 70-yr-old patient who takes hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril(Norvasc). The patient's blood pressure(BP) continues to be high. Which patient information may indicate a need for a change?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Because use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) can prevent adequate BP control, the patient may need to avoid the use of ibuprofen. A multivitamin tablet will help supply vitamin D, which may help lower BP. BP decreases while sleeping, so self-monitoring early in the morning will result in obtaining pressures that are at their lowest. The patient's alcohol intake is not excessive.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse has just finished teaching a hypertensive patient about the newly prescribed ramipril(Altace). Which patient statement indicates that more teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Angioedema occurring with angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor therapy is an indication that the ACE inhibitor should be discontinued. The patient should be taught that if any swelling of the face or oral mucosa occurs, the health care provider should be immediately notified because this could be life threatening. The other patient statements indicate that the patient has an accurate understanding of ACE inhibitor therapy.