ATI LPN
Pediatric Dosing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 6-month-old girl appears with a history of wheezing following an upper respiratory infection (URI). She improves significantly after nebulized albuterol therapy. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bronchiolitis is common at 6 months post-URI, with wheezing responsive to albuterol (AAP). Asthma is less likely under 1 year, and A, B, E don’t fit the response pattern.
Question 2 of 5
Most common cause of death in patients with cystic fibrosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in cystic fibrosis, from chronic lung damage, per CFF. A, C-E are less common.
Question 3 of 5
A newborn appears with respiratory distress and cyanosis. Chest x-ray reveals dextrocardia and a boot-shaped heart. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot fits dextrocardia and a boot-shaped heart, per AAP. B-E don’t match x-ray findings.
Question 4 of 5
A 7-year-old girl presents with polyuria and polydipsia. Blood glucose is 300 mg/dL, and urine shows ketones. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is common in children with hyperglycemia and ketonuria, per ADA. A, C-E don’t fit the profile.
Question 5 of 5
A 4-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Stool culture grows E. coli O157:H7. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hemolytic uremic syndrome follows E. coli O157:H7 with bloody diarrhea, per CDC. A, B, D, E differ in etiology.