ATI LPN
Pediatric Nursing Cardiac Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 6-month-old boy appears with fever, wheezing, and respiratory distress following an upper respiratory infection (URI). Physical examination reveals bilateral wheezing, subcostal retractions, and nasal flaring. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bronchiolitis is typical at 6 months post-URI with bilateral wheezing and distress, per AAP. Asthma is rare this young, and A, B, E are less likely.
Question 2 of 5
A child appears with jaundice and dark urine. Physical examination reveals hepatomegaly. Sweat chloride test is positive. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis fits jaundice, hepatomegaly, and positive sweat test, likely biliary cirrhosis, per CFF. A, B, D, E don’t match.
Question 3 of 5
A child with a history of cystic fibrosis appears with fever and increased coughing. Sputum culture reveals Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The next step in management is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IV antibiotics treat dual infection with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in cystic fibrosis, per CFF. A, B, D, E are inadequate.
Question 4 of 5
A 6-month-old boy has poor weight gain and frequent respiratory infections. Physical exam reveals a pansystolic murmur. Echocardiogram shows a ventricular septal defect. The next step is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics and observation manage small VSDs with heart failure symptoms, per AHA. A is for large defects, C-E are not primary steps.
Question 5 of 5
A 2-year-old boy presents with fever and a seizure. Exam shows a bulging fontanelle. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meningitis fits fever, seizure, and bulging fontanelle, per AAP. A, C-E lack this triad.