A 58-year-old smoker with lung cancer, confusion. Paraneoplastic syndrome?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypercalcemia. In lung cancer, paraneoplastic syndromes can occur due to tumor-secreted substances affecting distant organs. Hypercalcemia is commonly associated with lung cancer and can cause confusion. SIADH (B) is more common in small cell lung cancer. Hypoglycemia (C) is not a typical paraneoplastic syndrome in lung cancer. Migratory thrombophlebitis (D) is associated with pancreatic cancer, not lung cancer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Administering oral cyclosporine is crucial for managing GVHD post-transplant. 2. Cyclosporine suppresses the immune response, reducing GVHD symptoms. 3. It is essential to maintain therapeutic drug levels for efficacy. 4. Assessing for infection signs (Choice B) and educating about infection prevention (Choice D) are important but not the immediate priority. 5. Infusing D5NS at 125 mL/hr (Choice C) is not indicated for GVHD management.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: SS. In sickle cell anemia, the genetic pattern is homozygous for the sickle cell gene (HbS), resulting in the genotype SS. This means both copies of the hemoglobin gene are mutated, leading to the production of abnormal hemoglobin. Choice A (AS) indicates a carrier of the sickle cell trait with one normal and one mutated gene. Choice B (AA) represents a normal individual with two normal hemoglobin genes. Choice D (AF) is an incorrect combination as there is no such genetic pattern associated with sickle cell anemia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because Hodgkin lymphoma B symptoms include all of the above. A - Loss of weight can be a symptom due to metabolic changes. B - Drenching night sweats are common in Hodgkin lymphoma. C - Fever without infection is a classic B symptom. Therefore, all three symptoms are characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma B symptoms.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: T lymphocyte. T lymphocytes require IL-2 and IL-4 for conversion to mature circulating cells. IL-2 is crucial for T cell proliferation and differentiation, while IL-4 is essential for promoting T cell growth and differentiation into effector cells. Neutrophils (A) mature in the bone marrow, Eosinophils (B) primarily develop in response to IL-5, and B lymphocytes (C) mature in the bone marrow and require IL-7 for development.