ATI LPN
Cardiovascular NCLEX Questions with Rationale Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 56-year-old man presented to his primary care physician complaining of difficulty urinating. Digital rectal exam reveals an enlarged prostate. The patient is started in a trial of Terazosin, after which his symptoms improve dramatically. Which of the following describes terazosin's drug class?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Terazosin, an alpha1-adrenergic antagonist, relaxes prostate smooth muscle.
Question 2 of 5
A 30 year old man with a viral myocarditis who develops hypotension, neck vein distention, a drop in blood pressure on inspiration, and muffled heart sounds most likely has:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pericardial effusion post-viral myocarditis can cause tamponade, with signs like hypotension, neck vein distention, pulsus paradoxus, and muffled heart sounds.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is warned by his physician that his increasing dyspnea may be worsened by his continued cigarette smoking. Which of the following factors, released by both neutrophils and alveolar macrophages, is responsible for the patient's condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elastase, unchecked due to alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, destroys alveolar walls, worsened by smoking, causing emphysema and dyspnea.
Question 4 of 5
The tricuspid valve has flaps that open and close.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The tricuspid valve has three flaps (or cusps), which is why it is named 'tricuspid'.
Question 5 of 5
What is the nurse's priority action for a client prescribed propranolol for atrial fibrillation but has a history of asthma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can exacerbate asthma by causing bronchoconstriction.