ATI LPN
Gastrointestinal System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 56-year-old man chokes on a piece of steak while dining in a restaurant. The steak transiently becomes impacted in his esophagus. The next day, a barium swallow reveals a short, ringlike structure in his distal esophagus.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient has a congenital Schatzki's ring that produces the described symptoms, which are often referred to as the 'steakhouse syndrome.' The ring is generally disrupted with a single endoscopic dilatation. The Schatzki's ring does not increase the risk for developing esophageal cancer.
Question 2 of 5
A 40-year-old man complains of crampy abdominal pain associated with intermittent loose stools for the last three months. He had been healthy until he developed a week of severe diarrhea while visiting India. He then took metronidazole for a week. The diarrhea was resolving by then but evolved soon afterward into his current symptoms. He finds that eating precipitates his symptoms although his weight is stable. Physical examination is unremarkable. Stool microscopy is negative and labs are unrevealing. Which of the following diagnoses is the most likely explanation for his current symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome is an increasingly recognized form of the disease as several studies have demonstrated that a prior bout of gastroenteritis is found in approximately 10 to $20 \%$ of individuals with IBS. Giardiasis is a common cause of acute infectious diarrhea, and a single stool examination may not be sufficient for the diagnosis, but giardiasis usually resolves within several weeks without becoming a chronic illness and usually clears with metronidazole. Acquired lactose intolerance commonly occurs with intestinal infections but resolves once the infection clears. The onset of Crohn's disease does not typically occur after a bout of gastroenteritis, although intestinal bacteria are thought to fuel inflammation in Crohn's disease and antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and metronidazole, are used in the management of the disease.
Question 3 of 5
The presence of which of the following antibody tests (IgG) indicate probable immunity to hepatitis B?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Surface antibody is indicative of immunity to hepatitis B infection. Core IgG antibody and antibody to e antigen indicate past or current infection but do not confer immunity.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following statements about pulmonary manifestations of liver disease is incorrect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The hepatopulmonary syndrome is characterized by platypnea (difficulty breathing when going from lying to sitting) and orthodeoxia (decreased oxygen saturation upon sitting). It is associated with left-to-right shunting of blood. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and primary biliary cirrhosis are associated with the parenchymal lung diseases mentioned in B and D.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a recommended dietary modification for patients with PUD?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent, small meals help buffer stomach acid and reduce irritation of the ulcer, making it a recommended dietary strategy for PUD management.