ATI LPN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 56-year-old male smoker has been coughing up thick yellow green material for about the last three years, on and off, but more frequently for at least half of the year. Physical examination reveals some ronchi, but no crackles. His fingernail beds are slightly blue, and a pulse oximeter reveals an oxygen saturation of 88%. He does not report having difficulty breathing. Of the following, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic bronchitis, common in smokers, is defined by chronic productive cough for ≥3 months over 2 years, with hypoxia (88% saturation) and rhonchi from mucus.
Question 2 of 5
The most important purpose of the valves in the heart is to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heart valves ensure unidirectional blood flow, preventing backflow and maintaining circulation efficiency.
Question 3 of 5
What lab result requires immediate intervention in a patient with heart failure prescribed furosemide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide can cause significant potassium loss, and levels below 3.5 mEq/L increase the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias.
Question 4 of 5
What finding in a patient on amiodarone requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulmonary toxicity is a severe adverse effect of amiodarone, indicated by respiratory symptoms requiring urgent evaluation.
Question 5 of 5
The human heart beats faster when you exercise.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exercise increases heart rate to meet the body's higher demand for oxygen and nutrients.