ATI LPN
Questions About the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 55-year-old male came to the ER with hypertension crisis. What is the mechanism of action of the drug that needs to be given immediately in such a case?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sodium nitroprusside, used in hypertensive crisis, releases nitric oxide to dilate vessels.
Question 2 of 5
A 30-year-old male smoker presents with gangrene of his extremities. Which one of the following histologic findings from a biopsy of the blood vessels supplying this area would be most suggestive of the diagnosis of Buerger's disease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) is characterized by segmental thrombosing vasculitis with microabscesses in the thrombus, commonly affecting young male smokers and leading to extremity gangrene.
Question 3 of 5
Histologic sections (routine H&E stain) of lung reveal the alveoli to be filled with pale, nongranular pink fluid. Neither leukocytes nor erythrocytes are present within this fluid. What is the most likely (i.e., most common) cause of this abnormality?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Congestive heart failure causes pulmonary edema, with transudative pink fluid in alveoli on histology, without inflammatory cells or blood.
Question 4 of 5
After providing teaching about benazepril, which statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Benazepril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The medication inhibits the breakdown of bradykinin, which may cause a dry, hacking cough.
Question 5 of 5
What is the most important nursing intervention for a client prescribed furosemide for pulmonary edema secondary to heart failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide can cause hypokalemia, so potassium levels must be monitored.