ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Med Surg Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 50-year-old male with a BMI 45 reports chronic fatigue, intermittent headaches, infrequent mild snoring. He has a history of type II diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension and myocardial infarction. Which one of the following evaluations is most appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Given the patient's complex comorbidities (COPD, diabetes, hypertension, prior MI) and obesity (BMI 45), in-laboratory polysomnography is the most appropriate evaluation. It provides comprehensive data on sleep architecture and respiratory events, critical for accurate OSA diagnosis in high-risk patients, per AASM guidelines.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following patients are MOST at risk for developing heart failure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients at highest risk for heart failure include those with conditions directly affecting the heart, such as myocardial infarction (A), valvular issues like mitral stenosis (C), and uncontrolled hypertension (E). Asthma, hypoparathyroidism (B), and lung cancer (D) are less directly linked to heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
Which action should the nurse in the hypertension clinic take to obtain an accurate baseline blood pressure(BP) for a new patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient should be seated with the feet flat on the floor. The BP is obtained in both arms, and the results of the two arms are not averaged. The patient does not need to be in the supine position. The cuff should be deflated at 2 to 3 mm Hg per second.
Question 4 of 5
During exercise, increased muscle contraction helps return more blood to the heart. This would lead to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased venous return from muscle contraction boosts the volume of blood pumped per beat (stroke volume) via the Frank-Starling mechanism.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse on the intermediate care unit received change-of-shift report on four patients with hypertension. Which patient should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient with chest pain may be experiencing acute myocardial infarction, and rapid assessment and intervention are needed. The symptoms of the other patients also show target organ damage but are not indicative of acute processes.