ATI LPN
Pediatric Nursing Cardiac Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 5-year-old girl presents with recurrent UTIs and daytime wetting. Voiding cystourethrogram shows reflux. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: VUR causes recurrent UTIs and reflux on VCUG, per AAP. A, C-E differ in imaging.
Question 2 of 9
A 1-month-old infant presents with jaundice and acholic stools. Ultrasound shows no gallbladder. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Biliary atresia features jaundice and absent gallbladder, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
Question 3 of 9
A 6-month-old boy appears with fever, wheezing, and respiratory distress following an upper respiratory infection (URI). Physical examination reveals bilateral wheezing, subcostal retractions, and nasal flaring. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bronchiolitis is typical at 6 months post-URI with bilateral wheezing and distress, per AAP. Asthma is rare this young, and A, B, E are less likely.
Question 4 of 9
A nurse is following procedures for using pharmaceutical interventions for pain in the hospitalized child. Which of the following actions by the nurse needs further instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering pain medication, especially narcotics, without a second nurse violates safety protocols requiring double-checking, needing correction.
Question 5 of 9
Most common cause of tall stature in children is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Familial tall stature is the most common cause of tall stature, per AAP (doc p151, Q605).
Question 6 of 9
The most common cause of seizures in infants is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fever B causes febrile seizures, per document p53, .
Question 7 of 9
A 6-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and diarrhea. Stool shows leukocytes. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IBD features diarrhea and leukocytes, per AGA. A, C-E differ.
Question 8 of 9
The most common form of lead poisoning in children comes from:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lead poisoning in children most commonly arises from ingestion of lead-based paint , often from old homes. Pencils use graphite, not lead; medications are rarely a source; and water can be contaminated but is less common than paint exposure historically.
Question 9 of 9
A 6-year-old boy presents with chest pain and dyspnea. Echocardiogram shows pericardial effusion. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pericarditis features pain and effusion, per AHA. A, C-E differ.