ATI LPN
Care During Pediatric Emergencies Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 5-year-old child is brought to the Emergency Department by ambulance. The patient is pulseless, apneic, and unresponsive. All basic life support (BLS) maneuvers are being done. The patient is placed on the monitor, and the following rhythm is obtained. What is the most appropriate next intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assuming a shockable rhythm (e.g., VF/VT) since the rhythm isn't specified but implied by defibrillation options, the next step after BLS is epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO in pediatric cardiac arrest per PALS guidelines, followed by defibrillation if needed. Epinephrine is prioritized in this context.
Question 2 of 5
A 15-year-old boy is brought to the Emergency Department after sustaining a head injury while riding his bicycle. He was un-helmeted and sustained a loss of consciousness after his fall. EMS transported him after they placed a cervical collar on him and placed him on a backboard. His initial vital signs are as follows: heart rate 45 beats/minute, respiratory rate 11 breaths/minute, blood pressure 80/50 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation 97% on room air. The airway is patent; the patient is breathing well, but has diminished pulses in all 4 extremities. The patient is unable to move any of his extremities during the examination. Packed red blood cells are ordered, and 1 liter of 0.9% normal saline is given without improvement in the blood pressure. The most appropriate vasopressor for this condition is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Suspected spinal shock from cervical injury (bradycardia, hypotension, paralysis) requires epinephrine for its vasopressor and inotropic effects.
Question 3 of 5
You have just intubated a 5-year-old girl for acute respiratory failure due to multifocal pneumonia. The chest radiograph confirmed placement of the endotracheal tube. About 15 minutes later, you hear alarm bells and notice the blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg, and the pulse oximeter shows 85% on FiO2 100%. Which of the following is a possible cause of the patient's current condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Post-intubation hypotension and desaturation can result from tube dislodgement, mucus plugging, or pneumothorax—all are plausible.
Question 4 of 5
You are responsible for the online medical control EMS phone during your work shift and receive a phone call from a prehospital provider who is called in by a minor with no adult or legal guardian available to accompany this minor. In which of the following situations does the minor need consent for treatment from a legal guardian/parent?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Minors typically need parental consent unless emancipated (A), deemed mature (B), or seeking STD treatment (C). D requires consent.
Question 5 of 5
You are reviewing the protocols implemented during your department's care for pediatric trauma patients. You would like to standardize the process your ambulance crews use to determine which facility to go to. You have one local level 2 pediatric trauma center that is relatively distant from your area and one local and much closer adult trauma center. What is of paramount importance when you recommend patient transport?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High mechanism injuries require rapid transport to the nearest suitable trauma center, balancing proximity and capability.