ATI LPN
Nclex-Pn Practice Questions Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 5-year-old boy presents with fever and a red, swollen knee. Aspiration shows gram-positive cocci. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Septic arthritis features fever, swollen joint, and gram-positive cocci, per AAP. B-E lack infection.
Question 2 of 5
A 2-month-old infant presents with projectile vomiting and dehydration. Labs show hypochloremic alkalosis. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis causes projectile vomiting and hypochloremic alkalosis, per AAP. A, C-E differ in labs.
Question 3 of 5
A 6-month-old infant presents with poor feeding and a murmur. Echocardiogram shows a patent foramen ovale. The next step is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Observation is standard for asymptomatic PFO, per AHA. A, B, D, E are for complications.
Question 4 of 5
A newborn boy appears with ambiguous genitalia, palpable gonads in labioscrotal folds, and a 46,XY karyotype. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Androgen insensitivity syndrome fits XY karyotype and palpable gonads, per AAP (doc p148, Q560).
Question 5 of 5
A 10-year-old girl appears with precocious puberty and café-au-lait spots. Physical examination reveals fibrous dysplasia of bone. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: McCune-Albright syndrome fits precocious puberty, café-au-lait spots, and fibrous dysplasia, per AAP (doc p149, Q576).