ATI LPN
Pediatric Gi Disorders Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 5-year-old boy presents with fever and a petechial rash. Labs show thrombocytopenia and elevated D-dimer. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: DIC fits petechiae and elevated D-dimer, per ISTH. A, B, D, E differ.
Question 2 of 9
A 4-year-old boy presents with a high fever and rash. Exam shows conjunctivitis and cervical lymphadenopathy. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kawasaki disease includes fever, rash, conjunctivitis, and lymphadenopathy, per AHA. A, C-E lack this combination.
Question 3 of 9
An adolescent reports recurrent abdominal pain with diarrhea and bloody stools. Which type of inflammatory bowel disease does the nurse suspect based on these data?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain are classic symptoms of ulcerative colitis , which affects the colon’s mucosal layer. NEC is neonatal, Crohn’s may involve the entire GI tract with less consistent bleeding, and appendicitis is acute, not recurrent.
Question 4 of 9
All of the following are included in the asthma triad except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The asthma triad includes aspirin intolerance, nasal polyps, and asthma (A, B, D) (ATS). Bronchiolitis is unrelated, and E is a trigger, not part of the triad.
Question 5 of 9
Which diagnostic test permits the visualization of upper GI tract?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Endoscopy (C) visualizes the upper GI tract (esophagus, stomach). Colonoscopy (A) and sigmoidoscopy (B) are lower GI, proctoscopy (D) is rectal. Document: 'Endoscopy is used to visualize the upper GI tract.'
Question 6 of 9
Best initial management in a child with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and ketoacidosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IV fluids and insulin treat diabetic ketoacidosis, per AAP (doc p150, Q595).
Question 7 of 9
Following acute bronchiolitis, which virus is associated with the long-term complication of bronchiolitis obliterans?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bronchiolitis obliterans is a rare, chronic obstructive lung disease following severe lower respiratory infection. Adenovirus (Choice A) is the virus most commonly associated with this complication, particularly after severe bronchiolitis in young children, due to its propensity for persistent airway injury. Human metapneumovirus (Choice B), influenza (Choice C), and parainfluenza (Choice D) can cause bronchiolitis but are less frequently linked to bronchiolitis obliterans. Adenovirus’s strong association makes it the correct answer.
Question 8 of 9
Doctor orders: Mycostatin oral suspension 500,000 units swish/swallow for child with oral candidiasis. Available is Mycostatin 100,000 units/ml. How many teaspoons will you give?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Calculate the volume in ml: 500,000 units ÷ 100,000 units/ml = 5 ml. Convert ml to teaspoons (1 teaspoon = 5 ml): 5 ml ÷ 5 ml/teaspoon = 1 teaspoon.
Question 9 of 9
A 6-month-old infant presents with poor feeding and cyanosis. Echocardiogram shows hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The next step is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostaglandin E1 stabilizes HLHS by maintaining ductal flow, per AHA. A, C-E follow.