ATI LPN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 5-month-old infant presents with hypotonia and tongue fasciculations. EMG shows denervation. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SMA features hypotonia and fasciculations, per NORD. A, C-E differ.
Question 2 of 9
The nurse planning a safety program for high school students should understand that most accidental deaths in adolescence are related to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Automobiles (C) are the leading cause of adolescent accidental death due to driving risks. Firearms (A), diving (B), and drowning (D) are less frequent. Document: 'The chief safety hazard for the adolescent is automobiles.'
Question 3 of 9
Most common cause of short stature in children is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Constitutional delay is the most common cause of short stature, per AAP (doc p151, Q602).
Question 4 of 9
Reduce anxiety in a child on admission by select all
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parents C and familiar faces D III, IV reduce anxiety, per document p17, 0.
Question 5 of 9
A 1-month-old infant presents with cyanosis and poor feeding. Echocardiogram shows transposition of the great arteries. The next step is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Balloon atrial septostomy stabilizes transposition, per AHA. A-D are secondary.
Question 6 of 9
A 4-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and bloody stools. Ultrasound shows intussusception. The next step is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Air enema reduces intussusception, per AAP. A, B, D, E are secondary.
Question 7 of 9
The most common cause of diarrhea in infants is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Viral infection D is most common, per document p32, 4.
Question 8 of 9
An 11-year-old girl with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis appears with fever, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. The blood test reveals anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. This is most likely due to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Macrophage activation syndrome is a severe complication of systemic JIA, marked by fever, organomegaly, and cytopenias from hemophagocytosis (EULAR criteria). Viral syndrome lacks specificity, hemolytic anemia doesn’t fit all findings, spleen failure is unclear, and DIC requires coagulopathy evidence.
Question 9 of 9
A child with a history of cystic fibrosis appears with increased coughing and wheezing. Pulmonary function test reveals FEV1 of 60% predicted. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis exacerbation fits increased symptoms and reduced FEV1, per CFF. A-C, E are less likely.