ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 5-month-old infant is admitted to the ER with a temperature of 103.6°F and irritability. The mother states that the child has been listless for the past several hours and that he had a seizure on the way to the hospital. A lumbar puncture confirms a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The nurse should assess the infant for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tenseness of the anterior fontanel is a key sign of bacterial meningitis in a 5-month-old, indicating increased intracranial pressure from infection, alongside fever, irritability, and seizures. Periorbital edema isn't typical, a positive Babinski is normal at this age, and a negative scarf sign relates to tone, not pressure. Nurses assess this bulging fontanel urgently, as it signals worsening inflammation, guiding immediate antibiotic and supportive care to prevent brain damage or death in this critical condition.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with a history of renal calculi. Which dietary selection reflects an understanding of the nurse's teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Coffee, carrot sticks, and roast beef suit renal calculi prevention, avoiding oxalate-rich (cocoa, spinach) or calcium-binding (tea, peanut butter) foods cola's phosphates also risk stones. Nurses teach low-oxalate diets, reducing recurrence, supporting kidney health in at-risk clients.
Question 3 of 5
The physician has ordered Stadol (butorphanol) for a post-operative client. The nurse knows that the medication is having its intended effect if the client:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Being asleep 30 minutes post-Stadol indicates effective pain relief and sedation, its intended effect post-op extra food, urine output, or less nausea aren't primary goals. Nurses monitor response, ensuring rest and pain control, critical for recovery in surgical care.
Question 4 of 5
The physician has prescribed Cognex (tacrine) for a client with dementia. The nurse should monitor the client for adverse reactions, which include:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated liver enzymes are a key adverse reaction to Cognex, requiring monitoring in dementia appetite, BP, and memory aren't primary concerns. Nurses check LFTs, ensuring safety, critical for managing Alzheimer's medication risks.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a client with a chest tube. If the chest tube becomes disconnected from the drainage system, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Submerging the chest tube end in sterile water creates a water seal, preventing pneumothorax if disconnected taping delays, clamping risks tension pneumothorax, and reinserting uncleaned spreads infection. Nurses act quickly, ensuring lung re-expansion, critical in chest tube care.