A 4y/o child with leukemia is admitted to the healthcare facility because of pneumonia. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of his current condition?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Leukopenia. Leukopenia refers to a decrease in white blood cells, which are essential for fighting infections. In leukemia, the bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells, leading to a decrease in healthy white blood cells. This compromises the child's immune system, making them more susceptible to infections like pneumonia. A: Anemia is a decrease in red blood cells and would not directly cause pneumonia. C: Thrombocytopenia is a decrease in platelets and is not directly related to pneumonia. D: Eosinophilia is an increase in eosinophils and is not typically associated with pneumonia in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apricots. Apricots are high in potassium, which can be harmful for a child with end-stage renal disease due to decreased kidney function. Excess potassium can lead to dangerous heart rhythm abnormalities. Cranberry juice (B), apples (C), and peach Italian ice (D) do not pose the same risk of high potassium levels. Therefore, avoiding apricots is crucial for the child's safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Intubation setup. In a newborn with a diaphragmatic hernia, there is a risk of respiratory distress due to lung compression. Intubation may be necessary to assist with breathing. The nurse should ensure the intubation setup is prepared to provide immediate respiratory support if needed. Choice B (Appropriate bag and mask) may be used for initial respiratory support but intubation provides more secure airway management. Choice C (Sterile gauze and saline) is not directly related to managing a diaphragmatic hernia. Choice D (Soft arm restraints) is not necessary for this specific situation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Whole milk is high in saturated fat and calories, contributing to excessive weight gain. Switching to 2 percent milk reduces fat intake. Step 2: Decreasing milk consumption and limiting fruit juice helps balance calorie intake and encourages the child to eat solid foods. Step 3: Offering water in between meals ensures hydration without additional calories. Step 4: Adjusting the child's diet in this manner promotes healthier eating habits and can help normalize weight-to-height percentile. In summary, option C is correct as it addresses the concerns of excessive milk and juice consumption while promoting a balanced diet. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because eliminating fruit juice alone may not address the overall calorie intake issue. Healthy snacks and creative presentation may not address the specific problem of excessive milk consumption. Increasing exercise alone may not directly impact the child's diet and weight-to-height percentile.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary purpose of a transitional object is to decrease anxiety in the toddler. The object provides comfort and security when the child is separated from their caregiver, reducing feelings of distress. It serves as a source of emotional support and helps the child manage their emotions independently. The other choices are incorrect because they focus on the parent's feelings (A), behavior modification (D), or simply keeping the child quiet (B), rather than addressing the emotional needs of the child.