ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 48-year-old man with diabetes presents with a history of progressive pain in both legs for several years. The pain is severe after walking two blocks or climbing one flight of stairs. Blood pressure is 145/90 mm Hg. Laboratory studies show a serum cholesterol of 320 mg/dl. He neither smokes nor drinks. Bruits are evident upon auscultation of both femoral arteries. The pathogenesis of intermittent claudication in this patient is most closely associated with which of the following risk factors?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperlipidemia (elevated cholesterol) is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, causing peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication, as evidenced by femoral bruits and exertional leg pain.
Question 2 of 5
The assistive personnel(AP) is taking orthostatic vital signs. In the supine position, the BP is 130/80 mm Hg, and HR is 80 beats/min. In the sitting position, the BP is 140/80, and HR is 90 beats/min. What should the nurse instruct the AP to do next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When assessing for orthostatic changes, the AP will take the BP and pulse in the supine position, then place the patient in a sitting position for 1 to 2 minutes and repeat the readings, and then reposition to the standing position for 1 to 2 minutes and repeat the readings.
Question 3 of 5
What should a client receiving spironolactone for heart failure avoid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and excess potassium intake can lead to hyperkalemia.
Question 4 of 5
What is the expected outcome of furosemide therapy in a patient with heart failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide reduces fluid overload, alleviating pulmonary congestion and improving respiratory status.
Question 5 of 5
What is the nurse's priority intervention if a client receiving furosemide IV reports dizziness when standing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide can cause volume depletion and hypotension, leading to dizziness when standing.