ATI LPN
Cardiovascular System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 47-year-old male has recently diagnosed with hypertension due to pressure reading of 165/100 mm Hg. He has a well-controlled diabetes by oral hypoglycemic medications. Which of the following is the best choice to initiate the treatment of his hypertension?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is ideal for hypertension in diabetics due to renal protection.
Question 2 of 5
The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate by____
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parasympathetic stimulation opens potassium channels, leading to hyperpolarization of pacemaker cells and a slower heart rate.
Question 3 of 5
After a hemicolectomy to remove a colon carcinoma, a 53-year-old man develops respiratory distress. He is intubated and receives mechanical ventilation with 100% oxygen. Three days later, his arterial oxygen saturation decreases. A chest radiograph shows increasing opacification in all lung fields. A transbronchial lung biopsy specimen shows hyaline membranes lining distended alveolar ducts and sacs. Which of the following most likely represents the fundamental mechanism underlying these morphologic changes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) post-surgery involves leukocyte-mediated endothelial injury, leading to hyaline membranes and diffuse alveolar damage.
Question 4 of 5
What action by the AP will require the nurse to intervene when taking the blood pressure of an obese patient admitted with heart failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cuff should be deflated at a rate of 2 to 3 mm Hg/sec. The arm should be supported at the level of the heart for accurate blood pressure measurements.
Question 5 of 5
When engineers brainstorm together as a team, they make sure to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Effective brainstorming involves generating many ideas and building on them collaboratively, not criticizing or limiting focus.