ATI LPN
Questions About Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 46-year-old man with a history of cirrhosis is brought in by his wife because he has been acting strangely. On examination, he is disoriented, is ataxic, and has slurred speech. He is also hyperreflexic. His white blood cell count is normal. His hematocrit is $34 \%$. Coagulation times are elevated. His ammonia level is normal. Which of the following statements regarding his management is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This patient has stage 2 hepatic encephalopathy. He should be treated with lactulose despite the normal ammonia level because this test is neither sensitive nor specific as a marker for encephalopathy. A low-protein diet is also recommended. All potentially nephrotoxic (e.g., NSAIDs, gentamicin) or sedating (e.g., lorazepam) medications should be avoided. Acetaminophen should be avoided as well.
Question 2 of 5
What nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient with PUD who is experiencing nausea?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clear fluids and a light diet can soothe the stomach and reduce nausea without exacerbating PUD symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
Which type of diet is most appropriate for a patient recovering from a bleeding peptic ulcer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A bland diet minimizes irritation and supports healing in a recovering bleeding ulcer.
Question 4 of 5
For a patient with PUD, the nurse should include which of the following in the discharge teaching plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Avoiding smoking and alcohol reduces irritation and acid production, key to preventing PUD recurrence.
Question 5 of 5
A patient diagnosed with PUD is being discharged with a prescription for a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and an antibiotic. What key instruction should the nurse provide regarding the antibiotic therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Completing the full antibiotic course ensures H. pylori eradication, preventing PUD recurrence.