ATI LPN
Cardiovascular MCQ Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 45-year-old woman presents with a chief complaint of fatigue. Her BMI is 27, and her sleep experience includes frequent loud snoring and witnessed apneas. A polysomnography is performed and reveals an apnea hypopnea index of 11 (normal less than 5). Patient is started on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, as well as dietary modification and recommended an exercise program. At follow-up visit patient reports compliance with CPAP therapy and improved energy. She has also lost 6 kg because of lifestyle modifications. Her BMI is now 24. Which of the following management strategies would be most appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weight loss and lifestyle changes may reduce OSA severity, but the current AHI and optimal CPAP settings need reassessment. A repeat polysomnography with CPAP titration is the most appropriate step to ensure therapy aligns with her current condition, per sleep medicine guidelines.
Question 2 of 5
A patient's ECG lacks recognizable waveforms and is deemed to be in sinus arrest. The patient's sinus arrest may be a result of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sinus arrest may result from MI, electrical shock, electrolyte disturbances, acidosis, and extreme parasympathetic activity.
Question 3 of 5
The physician's order says to administer Lasix 40 mg IV twice a day. The patient has the following morning labs: Na+ 148, BNP 900, K+ 2.0, and BUN 10. Which of the following is a nursing priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: K+ 2.0 indicates hypokalemia, worsened by Lasix; hold the dose and notify the physician (D).
Question 4 of 5
When the ventricles relax
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ventricular relaxation (diastole) causes a drop in pressure, allowing blood to fill the ventricles from the atria, not forcing valves open or reversing flow.
Question 5 of 5
Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient with newly diagnosed hypertension?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage has occurred. Lifestyle changes(e.g., physical activity, dietary changes) are used to help manage blood pressure, but drugs are needed for most patients. Home BP monitoring should be taught to the patient and findings checked by the health care provider frequently when starting treatment for hypertension and then every 3 months once stable.