ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 45-year-old obese man arrives at a clinic reporting daytime sleepiness, difficulty falling asleep at night, and snoring. The nurse should recognize the manifestations of what health problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Obstructive sleep apnea. The patient's symptoms of daytime sleepiness, difficulty falling asleep, and snoring are classic signs of obstructive sleep apnea, a condition where the upper airway collapses during sleep, leading to pauses in breathing. This results in poor sleep quality and daytime fatigue. Adenoiditis (choice A) and chronic tonsillitis (choice B) typically present with symptoms like sore throat and difficulty swallowing, which are not seen in this patient. Laryngeal cancer (choice D) would present with hoarseness, persistent cough, and difficulty swallowing, which are not mentioned in the patient's symptoms. Therefore, based on the patient's presentation, the most likely diagnosis is obstructive sleep apnea.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is being cared for after bariatric surgery, and the healthcare provider is assessing for hemorrhage. What is a sign of hemorrhage?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Frank red bleeding from the surgical site. This is indicative of hemorrhage post-bariatric surgery as it signifies active bleeding. Clear drainage (Choice C) is normal post-surgery. An increase in blood pressure (Choice A) could be a sign of shock from hemorrhage, but it's not specific. A decrease in heart rate (Choice D) is not typically a sign of hemorrhage.
Question 3 of 5
A client is being educated about type 2 diabetes. The educator can confirm that the client understands the primary treatment for type 2 diabetes when the client states what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Weight loss helps improve insulin sensitivity. 2. Managing weight is crucial for controlling blood sugar levels. 3. Dietitian-designed plans focus on balanced nutrition for diabetes management. 4. Weight loss can reduce the need for medication and improve overall health. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Pancreas transplant is not a primary treatment for type 2 diabetes. B: Taking oral antidiabetic agents based on blood sugar levels is not ideal. D: Contacting the diabetes educator for insulin questions is important but not primary treatment.
Question 4 of 5
The client was recently diagnosed with chronic gastritis. What health practice should the nurse address when teaching the client to limit exacerbations of the disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid taking aspirin to treat pain or fever. Aspirin can irritate the stomach lining, exacerbating gastritis symptoms. By avoiding aspirin, the client can reduce the risk of worsening gastritis. A: Physical activity is beneficial for overall health but does not directly impact gastritis exacerbations. C: While multivitamins and organic foods are generally healthy choices, they do not specifically address gastritis exacerbations. D: Maintaining a healthy body weight is important for overall health but does not directly prevent gastritis exacerbations.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse has completed the admission assessment of a client and has determined that the client's body mass index (BMI) is 33.5 kg/m2. What health promotion advice should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (A): 1. BMI of 33.5 indicates the client is in the overweight category. 2. Physical activity can help in weight management and improving overall health. 3. Integrating physical activity can help in reducing weight and lowering BMI. 4. Health promotion advice should focus on lifestyle changes rather than surgical interventions or support groups. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: While maintaining a healthy diet is important, focusing solely on diet may not be as effective as incorporating physical activity for weight management. C: Surgical options are typically considered for severe obesity cases, which may not be necessary at a BMI of 33.5. D: Referring to a support group for severe obesity may not be appropriate at this stage as lifestyle modifications should be the initial approach.