ATI LPN
NCLEX Cardiovascular Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 41-year-old female presents with recurrent severe headaches and increasing visual problems. Physical examination reveals her blood pressure to be 220/150. Her symptoms are most likely to be associated with:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis is associated with malignant hypertension (e.g., BP 220/150), causing onion-skin thickening of arterioles, which can lead to headaches and visual disturbances due to cerebral and retinal ischemia.
Question 2 of 5
Which parameter indicates effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide therapy for a patient who has been taking it for 10 years to treat hypertension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide may be used alone as monotherapy to manage hypertension or in combination with other medications if not effective alone. After the first few weeks of therapy, the diuretic effect diminishes, but the antihypertensive effect remains.
Question 3 of 5
Once blood has been oxygenated, it is pumped out of the heart by the left ventricle into the , where it travels to the rest of the body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta, the main artery distributing blood to the body.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement indicates a need for further teaching in a patient with heart failure taking digoxin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Doubling a dose increases the risk of toxicity. Missed doses should not be made up.
Question 5 of 5
What should the nurse do if a patient receiving furosemide develops dizziness and lightheadedness when standing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These symptoms suggest orthostatic hypotension, a common side effect of diuretics like furosemide. The nurse should monitor blood pressure and potassium levels to prevent complications.