A 40-year-old male newly diagnosed with hypertension is discussing risk factors with the nurse. The nurse talks about lifestyle changes with the patient and advises that the patient should avoid tobacco use. What is the primary rationale behind that advice to the patient?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Smoking increases the risk for heart disease, for which a patient with hypertension is already at an increased risk. Quitting will not necessarily cause hypertension to resolve and smoking does not directly cause ventricular hypertrophy. The association with a sedentary lifestyle is true, but this is not the main rationale for the nurse's advice; the association with heart disease is more salient.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The umbilical artery carries deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta, thus having the lowest PO2.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: At rest, coronary blood flow is approximately 250 ml/min.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The AV node delays impulses to allow ventricular filling and directs impulses from atria to ventricles.