A 4yearold boy presents with fever and a swollen w

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

A 4-year-old boy presents with fever and a swollen wrist. Aspiration shows gram-positive cocci. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Septic arthritis B. Reactive arthritis C. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis D. Osteomyelitis

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Septic arthritis features fever and gram-positive cocci, per AAP. B-E lack infection.

A 2-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and bloody stools. Ultrasound shows a target sign. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Appendicitis B. Intussusception C. Meckel diverticulum D. Ulcerative colitis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Intussusception shows a target sign, per AAP. A, C-E differ.

Decreased surfactant production in the preterm lung is a problem because surfactant

A. Increases airway resistance B. Keeps the alveoli open during expiration C. Promotes fluid retention D. Reduces oxygen diffusion

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Surfactant keeps alveoli open during expiration B, critical for preterm lung function, per document 5.

In providing and teaching cord care, what is an important principle?

A. Use alcohol daily B. The process of keeping the cord dry will decrease bacterial growth C. Remove the cord clamp early D. Soak the cord in water

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Keeping the cord dry B reduces bacterial growth, per document p5, 2.

Nursing care for a 7-year-old girl admitted with tetanus should be primarily directed towards

A. Careful monitoring of urinary output B. Decreasing external stimuli C. Encouraging high intake of fluid D. Giving adequate diet

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Decreasing external stimuli B minimizes tetanus spasms triggered by noise/light, per document and CDC guidelines.

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