ATI LPN
Pediatric Immunizations NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 4-year-old boy... has a grouping of pustules in the right parietal region... boggy and very tender, and annular hair loss... Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kerion is a fungal infection (tinea capitis) causing pustules, boggy scalp, and hair loss, matching the description. Alopecia areata (A) is non-inflammatory. Atopic dermatitis (B) lacks pustules. Herpes (C) doesn’t cause boggy scalp.
Question 2 of 5
Which needle gauge should be used for IM vaccine administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For intramuscular (IM) vaccine administration, the recommended needle gauge is typically 22-25, depending on the patient’s age, size, and muscle mass (e.g., 22-25 for adults, 23-25 for children). This range ensures adequate penetration into the muscle while minimizing discomfort. Choice B (23-25) is a subset but excludes 22, which is commonly used for adults. Choice C (20-23) and D (18-21) involve larger gauges more suited for thicker fluids (e.g., blood draws) rather than vaccines, which are typically aqueous.
Question 3 of 5
Which communicable disease is not vaccine preventable?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tuberculosis (TB) is not fully vaccine-preventable with a universally effective vaccine. The BCG vaccine offers partial protection against severe TB in children (e.g., miliary TB), but it is not effective against pulmonary TB in adults and is not routinely used in many countries like the US. Hepatitis B, pneumococcal disease, and diphtheria have highly effective vaccines (e.g., HepB, PCV13/PPSV23, DTaP/Tdap), making Choice A the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
Clients must receive a copy of their immunization record.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: There is no universal legal requirement that clients *must* receive a copy of their immunization record after every vaccination, though it’s good practice to provide one upon request or as part of standard care (e.g., CDC recommends access). Records are maintained by providers or immunization information systems (IIS), and clients can access them, but ‘must receive’ implies an obligation not typically mandated, making Choice B (False) correct.
Question 5 of 5
An unexpected and undesirable response after an immunization is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An adverse event is a broad term for any unexpected or undesirable health occurrence following immunization, which may or may not be causally related to the vaccine (e.g., fever, anaphylaxis). Choice A (side effect) refers to common, expected reactions (e.g., soreness). Choice C (allergy) and D (hypersensitivity) are specific immune-mediated reactions, subsets of adverse events, but not as encompassing as Choice B, which aligns with public health reporting (e.g., VAERS).