ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 36 y/o fem le presents with an 8 week history of recurrent watery, non-bloody diarrhea. Routine lab, endoscopic, and infectious evaluation thus far have not revealed a diagnosis. Which of the follow suggest a secretory diarrheal etiology?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Secretory diarrhea (e.g., from toxins or hormones) has a low stool osmotic gap (<50 mOsm/kg) because it's driven by active secretion, not unabsorbed solutes. Osmotic diarrhea (e.g., malabsorption) has a higher gap (>125 mOsm/kg).
Question 2 of 5
A 56 yo woman with a history of atrial fibrillation presents with 3 hours of acute-onset aphasia, hemiparesis, neglect, and forced gaze deviation. CT was WNL. The most common reason for this is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the first few hours after an ischemic stroke, CT scans may appear normal despite significant clinical findings due to the time it takes for changes to become visible.
Question 3 of 5
In Leukemia, all are true except:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute leukemia can present with normal or low WBC (e.g., aleukemic leukemia), not always elevated. CLL is often asymptomatic, CML may present with infections, and Ph chromosome variants exist.
Question 4 of 5
Which test is necessary for the diagnostic evaluation for fevers of unknown origin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All listed tests (blood cultures, HIV antibody test, and tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay) are essential in the comprehensive evaluation of fevers of unknown origin to identify infectious, inflammatory, or other causes.
Question 5 of 5
A 63-year-old past medical history of hypertension diabetes presents with community-acquired pneumonia that progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome. On hospital, mechanical ventilation is initiated. Continuous enteral nutrition is started by a 14-French nasogastric targeted to deliver 25 kcals per kilogram per day. Which of the following strategies would be implemented to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia during mechanical ventilation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed reduces aspiration risk and is a key strategy to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.