ATI LPN
Cardiovascular NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 34-y old lifelong nonsmoking male presents for evaluation of dyspnea, fatigue, and nonproductive cough which is worse in the evening. His symptoms have been ongoing for the last 6 months. He is an auto mechanic working in an autobody shop for the last 4 years. He believes his symptoms are work related. Medical history is otherwise negative and he is on no medications. Physical exam and vital signs are normal. CXR and spirometry are normal. What is the most appropriate next step?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Symptoms worsening in the evening suggest occupational asthma related to autobody shop exposures (e.g., isocyanates). Repeat spirometry post-exposure can confirm reversible airway obstruction, a key diagnostic step per occupational lung disease guidelines.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is diagnosed with left-sided systolic dysfunction heart failure. Which of the following is an expected finding with this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Left-sided systolic dysfunction is characterized by a reduced ejection fraction (typically <40%, as in A) and symptoms like nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea (C) due to pulmonary congestion. An ejection fraction of 65% (B) is normal.
Question 3 of 5
After the nurse teaches the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modifications, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been most effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For the prevention of hypertension, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension(DASH) recommendations include increasing the intake of calcium-rich foods. Caffeine restriction and decreased protein intake are not part of the recommendations. Nuts are high in beneficial nutrients and 4 to 5 servings weekly are recommended in the DASH diet.
Question 4 of 5
Release of norepinephrine from nerve fibers causes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Norepinephrine, a sympathetic neurotransmitter, increases both heart rate (chronotropic effect) and contractility (inotropic effect).
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient who has been admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU) with a hypertensive emergency. Which finding is most important to report to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient's inability to move the left arm and leg indicates that a hemorrhagic stroke may be occurring and will require immediate action to prevent further neurologic damage. The other clinical manifestations are also likely caused by the hypertension and will require rapid nursing actions, but they do not require action as urgently as the neurologic changes.