A 34 y/o female presents with blood pressure = 180/101 on Lisinopril, Amlodipine and HCTZ. BMI = 23. Electrolytes, bun and creatinine are normal. No family history of hypertension. She reports diaphoresis. Carvedilol is added with a spike in blood pressure and tachycardia. Which of the following is most likely to be elevated as the etiology of the underlying diagnosis?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The severe hypertension resistant to multiple medications, diaphoresis, and paradoxical worsening with a beta-blocker (Carvedilol) suggest pheochromocytoma, a catecholamine-secreting tumor. Elevated urine metanephrines (catecholamine metabolites) are diagnostic. Aldosterone (Conn's syndrome) or cortisol (Cushing's) would present differently.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: ATP7B gene mutations cause Wilson disease, leading to copper accumulation; the document error (e) is corrected to (d).

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: All options are correct: fever in cancer patients can stem from infections (common due to immunosuppression), unusual pathogens (due to treatment effects), endogenous organisms (e.g., gut flora translocation), or the tumor itself (paraneoplastic fever). Thus, 'All of the above' is correct, shifted to D.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: During the window phase, individuals are highly infectious despite often being asymptomatic.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: FSGS progresses more rapidly to ESKD in African Americans due to genetic predisposition, particularly APOL-1 variants.