ATI LPN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 3-year-old girl presents with fever and a limp. X-ray shows a lytic lesion in the tibia. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ewing sarcoma presents with fever, limp, and lytic lesions, per NCI. A, C-E differ in imaging or history.
Question 2 of 9
A 2-month-old infant presents with poor feeding and a murmur. Echocardiogram shows pulmonary stenosis. The next step is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Balloon valvuloplasty relieves pulmonary stenosis, per AHA. A, C-E depend on severity.
Question 3 of 9
At a well-child visit, the parents of a 2 month old ask the nurse about the bright red elevated area on the infant's face that appeared a few weeks after birth. Which of the following skin lesions does the nurse recognize this skin lesion to be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A strawberry nevus (B), a hemangioma, is a red, elevated lesion appearing postnatally. Port wine (A) is flat, intertrigo (C) is irritation, and exanthem (D) is a rash. Document: 'The strawberry nevus… may not become apparent for a few weeks after birth.'
Question 4 of 9
A 4-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and bloody stools. Ultrasound shows intussusception. The next step is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Air enema reduces intussusception, per AAP. A, B, D, E are secondary.
Question 5 of 9
A child with a history of cystic fibrosis appears with abdominal pain and vomiting. Physical examination reveals a palpable mass in the right lower quadrant. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome fits abdominal pain, vomiting, and a mass in cystic fibrosis, per CFF. A, B, D, E are less likely.
Question 6 of 9
A child appears with metabolic acidosis. Basic laboratory tests should include all of the following except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Liver enzymes aren’t routine for initial metabolic acidosis workup; A-C, E assess cause and severity (AAP).
Question 7 of 9
When completing a thorough health history on a child with gastrointestinal issues the nurse knows that it is important to ask which of the following questions related to gastrointestinal health? Select one that does not apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diet , bowel habits , and pica directly relate to GI health. Pets and firearms are unrelated unless zoonotic infection is suspected.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following findings would be suggestive of a tracheoesophageal fistula in a newborn?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choking during the first feeding (C) suggests tracheoesophageal fistula due to abnormal trachea-esophagus connection. Meconium delay (A), peristalsis (B), and masses (D) are unrelated. Document: 'A newborn with tracheoesophageal fistula will vomit and choke when the first feeding is introduced.'
Question 9 of 9
Phosphorus moves into the intracellular space resulting in hypophosphatemia in the following condition:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory alkalosis shifts phosphorus intracellularly due to alkalemia, lowering serum levels (UpToDate). Acidosis (A, D) shifts it out, and B, E have minimal effect.