ATI LPN
Pediatric Gi Nclex Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 3-month-old infant presents with seizures and hypotonia. MRI shows periventricular leukomalacia. Most likely cause is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy causes periventricular leukomalacia in infants, per AAP, often from perinatal asphyxia. B-E are less likely.
Question 2 of 5
A 1-year-old girl presents with fever and a bulging fontanelle. CSF shows gram-negative bacilli. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bacterial meningitis fits fever, bulging fontanelle, and gram-negative bacilli, per AAP. A, C-E differ in CSF.
Question 3 of 5
A 2-month-old infant presents with jaundice and clay-colored stools. Labs show elevated direct bilirubin. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Biliary atresia causes jaundice, clay stools, and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, per AAP. A, C-E differ in presentation.
Question 4 of 5
A 5-year-old girl presents with fever and a vesicular rash on the scalp. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Herpes zoster presents with a vesicular rash in a dermatome (e.g., scalp), per CDC. A, B, D, E differ in distribution.
Question 5 of 5
A 1-month-old infant presents with cyanosis and a murmur. Echocardiogram shows truncus arteriosus. The next step is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Surgery corrects truncus arteriosus, per AHA. B-E are temporizing.