ATI LPN
ATI Pediatrics Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 3-month-old infant presents with poor feeding and lethargy. Labs show hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: FAOD causes hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis, per NORD. A-C, E differ.
Question 2 of 9
A nurse is caring for a child following surgical removal of a brain tumor. The nurse is monitoring the child and notes that the pulse rate has increased and the blood pressure has dropped significantly. Bloody drainage is also noted on the posterior dressing. The initial nursing action is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased pulse, low BP, and bloody drainage suggest hemorrhage or ICP; notify RN (D) immediately. Waiting (A), Trendelenburg (B), or documenting only (C) delays care. Document: 'Most tumors create increased ICP… [requiring] immediate action.'
Question 3 of 9
When a parent asks the nurse to describe what is meant by a 'learning disability,' the nurse's most helpful response would be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A learning disability (B) involves challenges in perception, language, or comprehension despite normal intelligence. A describes ADHD, C implies low IQ, and D suggests injury, not typical. Document: 'Children with learning disabilities may have… difficulties in perception, language, comprehension.'
Question 4 of 9
A 2-year-old boy presents with fever and a stiff neck. CSF analysis shows gram-positive cocci. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: S. pneumoniae meningitis is a common cause of bacterial meningitis with gram-positive cocci in CSF, per AAP. A, C-E differ in etiology or CSF findings.
Question 5 of 9
What type of diet is recommended for the menopausal woman?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low-fat, high-fiber, and soy diet (A) helps manage menopausal symptoms via phytoestrogens and heart health. Other options (B, C, D) lack soy’s specific benefits. Document: 'A low-fat, high-fiber, and soy diet… [is used for] managing menopausal symptoms.'
Question 6 of 9
What is the risk the fetus will be affected?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 2 is autosomal recessive. If the mother’s new partner is a carrier (assuming population risk isn’t specified), the risk is 1 in 4 (Choice B): 25% chance the fetus inherits two mutated SMN1 alleles (50% from each carrier parent). 1 in 2 (Choice A) applies if one parent is affected. 1 in 50 (Choice C) or 1 in 200 (Choice D) suggest unrelated carrier frequencies, not applicable without data. 1 in 4 is standard for recessive inheritance with two carriers.
Question 7 of 9
A newborn appears with abdominal distension and bilious vomiting. Abdominal x-ray reveals a double bubble sign. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Duodenal atresia shows a double bubble sign with bilious vomiting, per AAP. A, C-E have different presentations.
Question 8 of 9
Infants in whom cephalhematomas develop are at increased risk for
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Jaundice B is a risk due to blood breakdown in cephalhematomas, per document p5, 1.
Question 9 of 9
Which drug will you prepare for a child with convulsions in the ER?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenobarbital D is the anticonvulsant for seizures, per document 6.